Digital Effects

Digital Effects

Digital effects is a design work that is created with computer software that creates and enhances images to show designs and nice looking layouts. Colours are bright a vibrant, eye catching tones and the "jump out" theme you see in almost all digital effect works. Computer generated images vary in colours, shapes, composition and layout. Software like PhotoShop, Illustrator and Dreamweaver are used to create digital effect imagery and work.
Digital effects can be used for movie posters, book/ magazine covers etc. Digital effects can also be used to convey artworks over the internet to other people to share ideas and opinions, to help motivate and critique a persons artwork.

Illustration

Illustration

Illustration is a form of design that shows pictures along side text. The illustration is usually mainly drawings or sketchings that tell a narrative in one image. In Roald Dahl's books, which are mainly children's stories, he has his friend and artist, Quentin Blake,  draw a page or half a page image relating to the story. 

Illustration uses a range of colours varying from basics, blacks, whites and greys or other basic tones. To bright eye catching tones and shades used in illustrative drawings.
Illustration has been around for centuries dating from cave paintings to 15th-18th century to early 19th century to modern illustrative techniques.
Illustration is a very good narrative technique that can be used in conjunction with writing and instructions. 

Illustrations can hold different conveyed images ranging from detailed landscapes to sketched portraits with basic detail.

Illustration has different approaches and types. The main examples are: 

     Engraving 

     Etching 
     Intaglio
     Linocut
     Pen-and-Ink Illustration
     Sumi-E
     Woodcut
They are all similar yet quite different in the process used to create the illustrative design.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illustration#Early_history

Typography

Typography

Astra Frutiger on a sign Near Sweden.

Typography is a design work that uses words and/or letters to convey the design intent. Artists like Adrian Frutiger have designed multiple typefaces such as Univers and Frutiger. Two typefaces used in modern every day life.

Artists like David Carson spread lots of words over their work such as magazine covers or pages. The typography used is clumped words and letters that require you to read the whole page to understand the message they wish to convey to the audience. The typography in these designs are the eye drawers. They are what you see first and last, as they cover the whole page used on the design. Another feature of typography design is the way words can form an image.
Typography has evolved over the years starting in the early 11th-15th century in China and Germany. The first mechanical printing press was invented in Germany and started the Printing Revolution. Thus had the first book printed. The Gutenberg Bible. 
Typography relies on space and tone, also the overall density of the ink on the page shows colour used. The typography can be used as a main image in design and with designers like Neville Brody and David Carson, this is the case. 
As typography relies on space, the spacing between letters and/or words, it increases the readability of the words. The legibility in typefaces also allows a clearer image of the words or page of words to view.
Experimental typography is a design of typography where it has an emphasis on communication emotion rather than legibility. David Carson used experimental typography when he worked with Ray Magazine. Causing an uproar because he didn't follow the normal rules of typography with legibility etc.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Carson_(graphic_designer)

http://www.davidcarsondesign.com/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Frutiger

http://www.linotype.com/720/adrianfrutiger.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typography

Comic/Graffiti

Comic/ Graffiti

Graffiti is writing or drawings that have been scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place. Graffiti ranges from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings, and it has existed since ancient times, with examples dating back to Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire.

In modern times, paint, particularly spray paint, and marker pens have become the most commonly used graffiti materials.

Graffiti also may express underlying social and political messages and a whole genre of artistic expression is based upon spray paint graffiti styles. Banksy uses his graffiti to convey his messages and to portray his works. 

Controversies that surround graffiti continue to create disagreement among city officials, law enforcement, and writers who wish to display and appreciate work in public locations. There are many different types and styles of graffiti and it is a rapidly developing art form whose value is highly contested and reviled by many authorities while also subject to protection, sometimes within the same jurisdiction.
Graffiti mainly consists of black outlines and black shading conveying 3D movement. Colour is rarely used with blacks and greys the main colours. Graffiti is usually always done on a plain background on a wall or floor. Artists like Banksy do their work on walls in cities and towns. 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banksy

http://www.banksy.co.uk/outdoors/index1.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graffiti

Josef Muller-Brockmann

Josef Muller-Brockmann

Born: 1914 May 9 Rapperswil, Switzerland.

Text/type: Bold, plain, unchanging, clear. The text he used was quite spaced out within the page. He didn’t use much text at all. In some pages he designed he had a fair bit of text but it would be very small and in one little area.

Main Image: Images rare, or one large image taking up page. He didn’t use many images at all, so technically there isn’t a main image. His designed work was more built up with a few words and a couple of colours throughout the page.

Colour: Black and white, colours non-changing, odd colour taking up document of image. He liked things very simple. So colours weren’t used much in his work. Black, white, blue, those colours are the most seen. Maybe they were his favourite colours to use in his projects.

Space: Mostly filled with typography and word art.

Composition: Typography filling centre or edges, evenly spaced out. His work was unsymmetrical so there isn’t a layout he used often. Though he seemed to use angles in his work often.

Influences: Joseph Müller-Brockmann was influenced by the ideas of several different design and art movements including Constructivism, De Stijl, Suprematism and the Bauhaus.

Most significant design element: Typography

Heraldry

Heraldry

Text/Type: The text in Heraldry imagery is always in a banner or scroll, nearly always at the bottom of the image. It is in small writing and usually written in Latin, but can be in any language. The text is written in a small way so the viewer reads it after looking at the pictures. The text is used for motto purposes, having a meaning or saying, depicting the owner of the heraldic image.

Colour: In heraldry, tinctures are the colours used to emblazon (describe) a coat of arms. These can be divided into several categories including light tinctures called metals, dark tinctures called colours, nonstandard colours called stains, patterns called furs. And natural, which is coloured as it would be found in nature. One of the few fundamental rules of heraldry is that metals must not be placed upon other metals and colours must not be placed upon other colours, while furs and proper can sometimes be placed upon either or both. This is referred to as the rule of tincture. Nonstandard colours called stains were introduced in the late Middle Ages, but have largely been shunned as contrary to the heraldic spirit of bold images and bright colours.

Space: The only negative space in the page will be on the direct edges. The middle is always filled up. Starting from the direct middle and spreading out in all directions. The negative space is left empty. It adds an emphasis to the coat of arms because everything is drawn straight to the middle.

Composition: The escutcheon, or shield, sits in the middle. This is the main part of the entire image. To the sides are the supporters, which are figures, usually placed on either side of the shield and depicted holding it up. To the top of the shield is usually a helm, or a crown. Sometimes there will be a motto held at the top. To the bottom there is a banner or scroll holding a motto or message. The coats of arms are usually always symmetrical.

Most Significant Design Element: Shields, animals, flags and banners.

A M Cassandre

A M Cassandre

Born: 1901 24 January

Text/type: Simple, bold, odd fonts. He makes his heading big and bold; standing out against everything else on the page he has designed. The smaller text he uses is probably the last place your eyes go as it doesn’t stand out against the picture or the large bold heading.  Though the text is very brief it explains what it needs to.

Main Image: Fills centre of document/ whole page. The images are very simple and are quite creative, though they look very basic. The page with the picture of the man with the wine bottle is a quite basic looking image but when you look more closely it looks very complex though simple at the same time. Because of how the image is done, it fits the page well with how it is used.

Colour: Plain colours that merge. Most colours Cassandre uses are dull yellows, greys, blues and blacks; these being the main colours he uses. The colours work well together while not boring the viewer or distracting the viewer at all. The colours all fit together nicely and are kept to one scheme of colours with each design page.

Space: Filled with typography or a big image. In almost every page he designed, there is a picture in the middle. With a title either overhead, or underneath the image shown. The edges are probably the only area in the page that isn’t taken up and if it is, it is only taken up by colours, filling up the negative space.

Composition: Image fills centre and typography fills the top and bottom. The image is the dominate item in the page designed, simply because it takes up the whole page almost. The only area either above or below the image is taken with large bold text.

Technique/media: Inspired by surrealism and cubism, his posters are memorable for their innovative graphic solutions and their frequent references to twentieth-century avant-garde painters such as Max Ernst and Pablo Picasso.

 Most significant design element: The large image in the centre. It stands out very well and gives the viewer an idea of what the poster is about. He was very creative with the image because of how he had arranged it. Similar to Picasso, he made his images very 2D with the images rigid but seemingly able to flow properly.